Multiple Choice
Identify the
choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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1.
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When hydrogen and oxygen combine to form water, water is
a. | a product. | b. | a reactant. | c. | an
enzyme. | d. | a catalyst. |
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2.
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Which of the following statements about a compound is true?
a. | The physical and chemical properties of a compound are usually very different from
those of the elements from which it is formed. | b. | Only the physical properties of a compound are
usually the same as those of the elements from which it is formed. | c. | Only the chemical
properties of a compound are usually the same as those of the elements from which it is
formed. | d. | The physical and chemical properties of a compound are usually the same as those of
the elements from which it is formed. |
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3.
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The energy needed to get a reaction started is the
a. | adhesion energy. | b. | activation energy. | c. | cohesion
energy. | d. | chemical energy. |
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4.
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Based on your observations, you suggest that the presence of water could
accelerate the growth of bread mold. This is
a. | a conclusion. | b. | a hypothesis. | c. | an
experiment. | d. | an analysis. |
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5.
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A personal preference or point of view is
a. | a bias. | b. | a theory. | c. | a
hypothesis. | d. | an inference. |
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6.
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The work of scientists usually begins with
a. | testing a hypothesis. | b. | careful observations. | c. | creating
experiments. | d. | drawing conclusions. |
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7.
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Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of all living things?
a. | growth and development | b. | ability to move | c. | response to the
environment | d. | ability to reproduce |
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8.
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Using a universal system of measurement is MOST important during which part of
scientific methodology?
a. | asking questions | b. | forming a hypothesis | c. | collecting
data | d. | drawing conclusions |
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9.
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A covalent bond is formed as the result of
a. | transferring electrons. | b. | sharing electrons. | c. | transferring
protons. | d. | sharing protons. |
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10.
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A substance with a pH of 6 is called
a. | an acid. | b. | a base. | c. | water. | d. | a suspension. |
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11.
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Which of the following characteristics of living things best explains why some
North American birds fly south for the winter?
a. | Living things respond to their environment. | b. | Living things
maintain internal balance. | c. | Living things are made up of units called
cells. | d. | Living things are based on a universal genetic code. |
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12.
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If you stir salt into boiling water, you produce a
a. | mixture called a suspension. | b. | mixture called a solution. | c. | solution and
suspension. | d. | mixture only. |
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13.
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What are the smallest objects that biologists study?
a. | cells | b. | body organs | c. | molecules | d. | organisms |
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14.
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How does sharing ideas through peer-reviewed articles help advance
science?
a. | Peer-reviewed articles are published only when the ideas they contain have been
accepted by most scientists. | b. | Experiments in peer-reviewed articles do not
need to be repeated. | c. | Scientists reading the articles may come up
with new questions to study. | d. | Ideas in the articles always support and
strengthen dominant theories. |
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15.
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Which of the following statements about enzymes is NOT true?
a. | Enzymes work best at a specified pH. | b. | All enzymes have the same shape as their
substrates. | c. | Enzymes are proteins. | d. | The shape of an
enzyme allows it to do its job. |
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16.
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How many meters are in 2.4 km?
a. | 240 | b. | 2,400 | c. | 24,000 | d. | 240,000 |
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17.
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Which of the following is NOT a goal of science?
a. | to investigate and understand the natural world | b. | to explain events in
the natural world | c. | to establish a collection of unchanging
truths | d. | to use derived explanations to make useful
predictions |
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18.
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How does society help science advance?
a. | Society’s biases steer scientists toward studying certain
ideas. | b. | Society produces technology that can be used in science. | c. | Society’s
morals help scientists make good decisions. | d. | Society raises questions that science can help
answer. |
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19.
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The process by which organisms keep everything inside their bodies within
certain limits is called
a. | homeostasis. | b. | evolution. | c. | metabolism. | d. | photosynthesis. |
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20.
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Information gathered from observing a plant grow 3 cm over a two-week period is
called
a. | inferences. | b. | variables. | c. | hypotheses. | d. | data. |
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21.
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A theory
a. | is always true. | b. | is the opening statement of an
experiment. | c. | may be revised or replaced. | d. | is a problem to be
solved. |
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22.
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Which of the following makes up a molecule of water?
a. | one atom of hydrogen and one atom of oxygen | b. | one atom of sodium
and one atom of chlorine | c. | one atom of hydrogen and two atoms of
oxygen | d. | two atoms of hydrogen and one atom of oxygen |
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23.
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Which of the following is NOT a function of proteins?
a. | store and transmit genetic information | b. | help to fight disease | c. | control the rate of
reactions | d. | move substances into or out of cells |
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24.
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Water molecules are polar, with the
a. | oxygen side being slightly positive and the hydrogen side being slightly
negative. | b. | oxygen and hydrogen sides being slightly positive. | c. | oxygen and hydrogen
sides being slightly negative. | d. | oxygen side being slightly negative and the
hydrogen side being slightly positive. |
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25.
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What are found in the space surrounding the nucleus of an atom?
a. | protons | b. | electrons | c. | neutrons | d. | ions |
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26.
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Which of the following is NOT a monomer?
a. | a glucose molecule | b. | an amino acid | c. | a
nucleotide | d. | a protein |
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 Figure
2–2
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27.
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What kinds of atoms are bonded to carbon atoms in the molecule shown in Figure
2–2?
a. | helium, oxygen, and nitrogen | b. | calcium, hydrogen, and
oxygen | c. | hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen | d. | helium, carbon, and
sodium |
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28.
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What does a reviewer do during peer-review?
a. | Focus on mistakes in spelling. | b. | Change data to support
results. | c. | Check for mistakes and bias. | d. | Repeat the experiments in the
article. |
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29.
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Identify the reactant(s) in the chemical reaction, CO2 +
H2O → H2CO3.
a. | CO2, H2O, and H2CO3 | b. | CO2 and
H2O | c. | H2CO3 | d. | CO2 |
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 Figure
1–1
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30.
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Figure 1–1 illustrates which characteristic of living things?
a. | Living things grow and develop | b. | Living things are made up of
cells. | c. | Living things need material and energy. | d. | Living things
reproduce. |
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31.
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Which of the following statements is true about catalysts?
a. | Catalysts slow down the rate of chemical reactions. | b. | All catalysts are
enzymes. | c. | Catalysts are used up during a chemical reaction. | d. | Catalysts lower the
activation energy of a chemical reaction. |
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Figure
1–2
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32.
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Figure 1–2 shows that tree finches and ground finches are descended from a
common ancestor. This example represents which big idea in biology?
a. | interdependence in nature | b. | growth, development, and
reproduction | c. | homeostasis | d. | evolution |
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33.
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When salt is dissolved in water, water is the
a. | reactant. | b. | solution. | c. | solute. | d. | solvent. |
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34.
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Which of the following is NOT a way that science influences society?
a. | Science provides answers to some of society’s practical
problems. | b. | Science gives society answers to difficult ethical issues. | c. | Science advances
technology that is useful to society. | d. | Science increases society’s understanding
of how people affect the environment. |
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35.
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During a controlled experiment, a scientist isolates and tests
a. | a conclusion. | b. | a mass of information. | c. | a control
group. | d. | a single variable. |
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36.
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A scientist working in which area of biology is MOST likely to study DNA?
a. | information and heredity | b. | cellular basis of life | c. | matter and
energy | d. | interdependence in nature |
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37.
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The three particles that make up atoms are
a. | protons, neutrons, and isotopes. | b. | neutrons, isotopes, and
electrons. | c. | positives, negatives, and neutrals. | d. | protons, neutrons, and
electrons. |
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 Figure
2–1
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38.
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Which property of water causes the curved surface shown in Figure
2–1?
a. | pH | b. | cohesion | c. | adhesion | d. | heat capacity |
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39.
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Science is best described as a
a. | set of facts. | b. | way of knowing. | c. | collection of
beliefs. | d. | list of rules. |
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40.
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Amino acid is to protein as
a. | fat is to lipid. | b. | DNA is to RNA. | c. | sugar is to
fat. | d. | simple sugar is to starch. |
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